Sains Malaysiana 53(5)(2024): 995-1007
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5305-02
Pencirian
Geohazad Tanah Runtuh Pendam Lama di Kawasan Bukit Fraser, Pahang
(Geohazard
Characterization of Long Latent Landslides in the Fraser’s Hill Area, Pahang)
NUR SYARIENNA
RAZMI, MOHD ROZI UMOR*, MOHD HARIRI ARIFIN, NORBERT SIMON, NORASIAH SULAIMAN
& NOR SHAHIDAH MOHD NAZER
Program Geologi,
Jabatan Sains Bumi dan Alam Sekitar, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM
Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 22
September 2023/Diterima: 8 April 2024
AbstraK
Bukit Fraser terletak di kawasan berbukit
di Malaysia, kewujudan tanah runtuh pendam lama menimbulkan kebimbangan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk
memperoleh pemahaman menyeluruh tentang keadaan tanah runtuh pendam lama
melalui integrasi empat pendekatan utama iaitu analisis topografi, pemetaan
lapangan, analisis petrografi dan kaedah keberintangan geoelektrik. Gabungan
kesemua kaedah ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan bagi
menggambarkan dengan tepat morfologi, sifat geologi dan keadaan subpermukaan. Lima
garis tinjauan keberintangan geoelektrik telah dijalankan di pelbagai lokasi di
sekitar kawasan Bukit Fraser. Bukit Fraser dicirikan oleh batuan granit sebagai
unit geologi utama. Jenis batu, jenis tanah, tanah baki, zon tanah runtuh, zon
sesar dan kehadiran jasad air yang ditentukan berdasarkan nilai keberintangan
iaitu batu dasar granit (> 2000 Ωm), jenis tanah termasuk lempung dan
lodak (50 - 200 Ωm), zon tanah runtuh (<100 Ωm), tanah baki (200 -
2000 Ωm), zon sesar (200 - 500 Ωm) dan jasad air (<100 Ωm).
Zon tanah runtuh pendam lama ditafsirkan berdasarkan peta topografi dan data Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (ifSAR). Sebanyak 81 lokasi tanah runtuh terletak
di zon tanah runtuh pendam lama direkodkan dari Januari 2021 hingga Mac 2022.
Analisis petrografi dilakukan ke atas lima sampel batuan menunjukkan bahawa
canggaan berlaku pada batuan, mineral yang terluluhawa, feldspar dihancurkan
dan kuarza dihancurkan menjadi butiran kecil. Kesimpulannya, analisis topografi
menunjukkan zon tanah runtuh pendam lama di kawasan kajian mengikut ciri
seperti kerawang di bahagian kepala, cerun cekung di bahagian tengah serta
topografi cembung dan morfologi seperti bentuk sudu. Maklumat ini membantu
dalam kerja lapangan, analisis petrografi dan kaedah keberintangan geoelektrik.
Analisis petrografi membantu memahami canggaan dan mineral. Kajian keberintangan
geoelektrik telah dijalankan menggunakan zon yang ditafsirkan, tetapi hasil
profil subpermukaan menunjukkan hanya garis tinjauan FH2 dan FH4 terletak di
dalam zon tanah runtuh pendam lama.
Kata kunci: Keberintangan geoelektrik; petrografi;
tanah runtuh pendam lama
AbstraCT
Fraser's Hill is
in a hilly area, the existence of old dormant landslide raises concerns. The
objective of this study was to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the
conditions of the old dormant landslides through the integration of four main
approaches, namely topographic analysis, field mapping, petrographic analysis
and geoelectrical resistivity methods. The combination of these methods is
intended to collect the necessary data to describe the morphology, geological
properties, and subsurface conditions accurately. Five lines of geoelectrical
resistivity surveys were conducted at various locations around Fraser’s Hill.
Granitic rocks characterise Fraser's Hill as a major geological unit. Rock
type, soil type, residual soil, landslide zone, fault zone and the presence of
water bodies are determined based on the resistivity values, namely granite
bedrock (> 2000 ° m), soil types including loam and loam (50-200 Ωm),
landslide zone (<100 Ωm), residual soil (200-2000 Ωm), fault zone
(200-500 Ωm) and water body (<100 Ωm). The old latent landslide
zone was interpreted based on topographic maps and Interferometric Synthetic
Aperture Radar (ifSAR) data. A total of 81 landslide locations located in the
old dormant landslide zone were recorded from January 2021 to March 2022.
Petrographic analysis carried out on five rock samples showed that collisions
occurred in rocks, weathered minerals, feldspar, and quartz, which were crushed
into small grains. In conclusion, topographic analysis showed a zone of old
dormant landslides in the study area according to characteristics such as
arcuate crown, concave upper slope and convex lower slope and morphology such
as spoon shape. This information helps in fieldwork, petrographic analysis and
geoelectrical resistivity methods. Petrographic analysis helps to understand
the structure and geology. Geoelectrical resistivity studies were conducted
using interpreted zones, but subsurface profiling results showed that only the
FH2 and FH4 survey lines were located within the old dormant landslide zone.
Keywords:
Geoelectrical resistivity; old dormant landslide; petrographic
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: mohdroziumor@gmail.com
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